\nWaste Collection and Sorting<\/strong>
Before waste reaches the incinerator, it is collected from households, businesses, and institutions. It undergoes sorting to remove recyclable materials and hazardous substances that could interfere with the incineration process or produce harmful emissions.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n\nCombustion<\/strong>
Once sorted, the municipal solid waste is fed into the incinerator's combustion chamber. Here, the waste is burned at temperatures ranging from 850 to 1100 degrees Celsius. The high heat ensures complete combustion, reducing the waste to ash while releasing heat energy.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n\nEnergy Recovery<\/strong>
The heat produced during combustion is harnessed to generate steam. This steam drives turbines that produce electricity, making municipal solid waste incinerators an integral part of waste-to-energy (WTE) systems. The electricity generated can power the facility and supply energy to the local grid.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n\nEmission Control<\/strong>
Modern incinerators are equipped with advanced emission control systems. These systems capture and treat pollutants such as dioxins, furans, and heavy metals, ensuring the emissions meet environmental standards. Technologies like scrubbers, filters, and electrostatic precipitators play a crucial role in maintaining air quality.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n\nAsh Handling and Disposal<\/strong>
After combustion, the remaining bottom ash and fly ash are collected. Bottom ash can sometimes be repurposed for construction materials, while fly ash, which contains more hazardous components, requires careful handling and disposal in specialized landfills.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n